Fig. 2

Administered analgesics and the clinical course of the patient’s pain management. The horizontal bar chart in the upper section displays the details of the medications. The gray bars indicate the daily frequency of immediate-release hydromorphone (IRH) required, while the black line chart plots the patient’s daily pain intensity on a numerical rating scale (NRS) from 0 to 10. “y,” “mo,” and “d” correspond to years, months, and days post-referral, respectively.