Effects of timely case conferencing between general practitioners and specialist palliative care services on symptom burden in patients with advanced chronic disease: results of the cluster-randomised controlled KOPAL trial

Table 2 Effects on symptom burden and pain: Estimated marginal mean differences at 48 weeks

Outcome parameter, N	Main analysis				Sensitivity analysis (with imputed datasets)
Outcome parameter, N	\(\:{\Delta\:}^{*}\)	95% CI		p	\(\:{\Delta\:}^{*}\)	95% CI		p
Symptom burden (IPOS score), N = 131	− 0.561	-3.201,	2.079	0.676	− 0.341	-2.829,	2.146	0.787
Pain severity (BPI score), N = 119	− 0.711	-1.430,	0.008	0.053	− 0.640	-1.362,	0.082	0.082
Pain interference (BPI score), N = 115	− 0.036	− 0.797,	0.725	0.926	− 0.249	− 0.947,	0.449	0.484
Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD score), N = 34	2.187	0.563,	3.812	0.009	2.130	0.577,	3.684	0.008

Notes: ^*Estimated marginal mean difference at 48 weeks (control-intervention) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Bold values statistically significant (p < .05). IPOS = Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale, BPI = Brief Pain Inventory

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