Table 1 Description of studies included
From: Factors influencing accessibility of palliative care: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Dimension | Article/ Country | Study design | Sample | Predictors | Quality Assessment | Type of service |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Accessibility | Cerni (2023) Australian [22] | Retrospective analysis (data from IHIP) | 3546 patients with cancer, who died between 2015 and 2019 | Travel time, geographic location | Included | Palliative care |
Affordability | Kim (2019) Korea [23] | Retrospective analysis (data from NHIC) | 609 individuals aged 65 and older between 2011 and 2013 | Labor status, income level, education level, marital status, gender, proximity to death | Included | Palliative care |
Chen (2020a) United States | Retrospective analysis (data from SEER Medicare database) | 63,375 patients with non-small cell lung cancer and 26,819 patients with small cell lung cancer between 2000 and 2011 | Race/ethnicity | Included | Hospice care | |
Accommodation | Nayfeh (2021) Canada [24] | Cross-sectional study | 1,543 respondents between 2012 to 2019 | Race/ethnicity, religion, religiosity, language/communication barriers, location of death | Included | End-of-life care |
Acceptability | Yu (2023) China [25] | Retrospective analysis (data from NHI claims data, Taiwan’s Death Registry, and the Taiwan Cancer Registry) | 2,289,965 people who died between 2002 and 2017 | Period, age, gender, poverty status, marital status, severe disease, CPR | Included | Hospice care |
Vallabhajosyula(2019) United States [26] | Retrospective analysis (data from NIS) | 444,253 admissions for acute myocardial infarction-complicated cardiogenic shock between 2000 and 2014 | AMI type, age, gender, race, primary payer, household income, hospital teaching status and location, hospital region, Charlson Comorbidity Index, comorbidities | Included | Palliative care | |
Acceptability | Teklemariam(2022) Ethiopia [27] | Facility-based cross-sectional study | 304 systematically selected adult cancer patients receiving palliative care service in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital | Educational status, occupational status, family size, monthly income | Included | Palliative care |
Rosenwax(2016) Australia [28] | Retrospective analysis (data from the Data Linkage Branch at the WA Department of Health) | 12,817 deaths between 2009 and 2010 | Age, gender, partner, accessibility index, IRSD of area of residence, residence at death | Included | Palliative care | |
Murthy(2016) United States [29] | Retrospective analysis (data from NIS) | 311,217 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage | Age, gender, race, health insurance, transfer, hospital geographic region, location, Modified Charlson Comorbidity Index | Included | Palliative care | |
Kumar(2020) United States [30] | Prospective cohort study (using the National Health and Aging Trends Study) | 1,868 community dwelling NHATS respondents between 2011 and 2017 | Caregiving hours | Included | Hospice care | |
Kim(2023) United States [31] | Retrospective analysis (data from NIS) | 5,209 metastatic breast cancer patients between 2010 and 2014 | Age, race, primary payer, severity of illness subclass, in-hospital death, surgery, chemotherapy, hospital status, region of hospital | Included | Palliative care | |
Acceptability | Huo(2019) United States [32] | Retrospective analysis (data from SEER Medicare database) | 69,414 patients with metastatic non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between 2001 and 2013 | Year of diagnosis, age, gender, race, census poverty, census region, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hospice use, home care use | Included | Palliative care |
Hugar(2019) United States [33] | Retrospective analysis (data from SEER Medicare database) | 7,303 patients diagnosed with muscle-invasive bladder cancer between 2008 and 2013 | Age, gender, comorbidity, population of county of residence, geographic region, treatment | Included | Palliative care | |
Gani(2017) United States | Retrospective analysis (data from NIS) | 282,899 Patients admitted with primary diagnosis of gastrointestinal and/or thoracic cancer between 2012 and 2013 | Age, gender, race, insurance, income zip quartile, Charlson Comorbidity Index, inpatient surgical procedure, Hospital Bed Capacity, Length of Stay, Postoperative Complication | Included | Palliative care | |
Fukui(2017) United States | Retrospective analysis (data from SEER Medicare database) | 2982 patients with primary liver cancer between 2002 and 2009 | Age, race, Charlson Comorbidity Index, inpatient surgical procedure, history of radiosurgery therapy | Included | Hospice care | |
Forst(2017) United States | Retrospective analysis (data from SEER Medicare database) | 12,437 patients who diagnosed with malignant gliomas and subsequently passed away between 2002 and 2012 | Age, gender, race, rural zip code, median household income, education | Included | Hospice care | |
Acceptability | Chen(2020b) United States | Retrospective analysis (data from NIS) | 5,833 metastatic breast cancer (mBCa) patients receiving critical care therapies (CCT) between 2005 and 2014 | Year interval, hospital type, primary diagnosis, metastatic sites, type of CCT, do not Resuscitate | Included | Palliative care |
| Â | Cagle(2019) United States | Prospective cohort study(data from HRS) | 1,209 participants who died between the 2012 and 2014 survey waves | Age, region, dementia, self-rated health, cause of death | Included | Hospice care |
|  | An(2014) Korea | Prospective cohort study | 359 patient-caregiver dyads diagnosed with terminal cancer | Awareness of the patient’s terminal status, religion, metastasis, ECOG performance status | Included | Palliative and hospice care |
| Â | Adsersen(2017) Denmark [34] | Retrospective analysis (data from Danish Palliative Care Database) | 44,548 adults with cancer as the underlying cause of death between 2010 and 2012 | Age, gender, diagnosis (cancer site) | Included | Palliative care |