Table 3 variables with a clinically relevant^a relationship to the four indicators of a bad death

Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)^b

Age (years)

18–64

Reference

65–74

0.92 (0.75, 1.13)

0.83 (0.69, 1.00)

0.65 (0.55, 0.76)

0.69 (0.57, 0.85)

75–84

0.83 (0.69, 0.99)

0.71 (0.60, 0.83)

0.49 (0.43, 0.56)

0.53 (0.44, 0.63)

85+

0.93 (0.78, 1.10)

0.53 (0.45, 0.61)

0.40 (0.35, 0.46)

0.42 (0.36, 0.50)

Sex

Male

Reference

Female

1.35 (1.23, 1.49)

1.26 (1.15, 1.38)

1.20 (1.10, 1.30)

1.17 (1.05, 1.30)

Disease diagnosis (reference = absence of the diagnosis)

Alzheimer’s dementia

0.42 (0.33, 0.54)

0.61 (0.50, 0.76)

0.42 (0.34, 0.51)

0.43 (0.32, 0.57)

Other type of dementia

0.80 (0.72, 0.90)

1.04 (0.93, 1.15)

0.53 (0.47, 0.58)

0.52 (0.45, 0.61)

Multiple sclerosis

1.43 (0.87, 2.34)

0.91 (0.52, 1.59)

1.31 (0.84, 2.05)

1.21 (0.66, 2.20)

Parkinson’s disease

0.76 (0.60, 0.96)

0.97 (0.78, 1.19)

0.71 (0.58, 0.88)

0.60 (0.44, 0.81)

Arthritis

1.61 (1.47, 1.77)

1.17 (1.07, 1.28)

1.54 (1.42, 1.67)

1.61 (1.45, 1.80)

Any psychiatric diagnosis

1.89 (1.69, 2.11)

n/a

1.32 (1.19, 1.46)

1.29 (1.12, 1.48)

Multi-morbidity

0–4

Reference

5+

1.45 (1.32, 1.59)

1.27 (1.16, 1.39)

1.21 (1.11, 1.31)

1.16 (1.04, 1.29)

Conflict with family or friends

No

Reference

Yes

1.72 (1.53, 1.93)

3.40 (3.06, 3.77)

1.21 (1.08, 1.35)

1.23 (1.07, 1.42)

Change in social activities

No decline

Reference

Decline, not distressed

0.80 (0.72, 0.90)

1.30 (1.16, 1.45)

1.11 (1.01, 1.21)

1.10 (0.97, 1.25)

Decline and distressed

2.41 (2.15, 2.71)

3.70 (3.29, 4.16)

2.06 (1.85, 2.29)

2.13 (1.86, 2.45)

Caregiver Risk Evaluation (CaRE)^c

Low

Reference

Moderate

0.23 (0.19, 0.28)

n/a

0.64 (0.55, 0.74)

0.53 (0.44, 0.65)

High

0.77 (0.69, 0.87)

2.34 (2.02, 2.71)

1.36 (1.20, 1.53)

1.30 (1.11, 1.52)

Very high

0.38 (0.33, 0.45)

2.37 (2.03, 2.78)

1.13 (0.99, 1.30)

0.98 (0.81, 1.17)

Prognosis of less than 6 months to live

No

Reference

Yes

0.54 (0.47, 0.63)

1.22 (1.09, 1.36)

1.53 (1.39, 1.69)

1.44 (1.27, 1.64)

Self-reported loneliness

No

Reference

Yes

n/a

3.26 (2.92, 3.64)

1.70 (1.52, 1.90)

1.73 (1.51, 2.00)

Severe symptoms of depression

No

Reference

Yes

3.26 (2.92, 3.64)

n/a

2.49 (2.25, 2.75)

2.58 (2.27, 2.92)

Pain is horrible or excruciating

No

Reference

Yes

1.70 (1.52, 1.90)

2.49 (2.25, 2.75)

n/a

n/a

Medications adequately control pain

No pain/pain is controlled

Reference

Pain is not controlled

1.73 (1.51, 2.00)

2.58 (2.27, 2.92)

n/a^d

n/a